Edited, Revised, Updated.
Who?
Religious: Muslim ←→ Jew
Nationality: Palestinian ←→ Israeli
Ethnicity: Arab ←→ Hebrew
What?
Terrorism— an act of violence or threat of violence to further an agenda.
*Never going to be used alone! (Political, religious, economic, etc.)
Terrorist— a man or woman who partakes in an act of terrorism.
A People— a group of human beings sharing an identity trait.
Nation— A group of people with a shared ethnic identity associated with a territory.
Ethnicity— a group sharing a common and distinctive culture (religion, language, etc.)
Stateless Nation— a nation without a homeland.
A Nation-State— a nation that has a country to call its own; territory of a Nation.
State— a territory controlled by a government.
Country— a state, a piece of land without a specific demography/population.
Where?
Canaan- the western region of the Middle East, which subsume modern-day Israel, Lebanon, parts of Jordan, Syria and northeastern Egypt, as well as adjacent coastal lands on the Mediterranean; Derived from the ancient use of the word.
Zion- biblical Jerusalem
Philistia—Greek term for the coastal region of the Mediterranean Sea (modern-day Gaza).
Provincia Judea—Roman name for the land of Canaan.
Provincia Syria Palaestina— “Provincia Syria Palaestina” post-Bar Kochva Revolt.
Palestine- refers to the rhetoric of Britain at the time of Mandates, derived from “Provincia Syria Palaestina” from the Romans.
Israel- Modern State (including its territories)
The Territories- West Bank, Gaza, Golan (Israel's post-Six Day War, 1967, borders minus Sinai).
When?
Define era's by decade and/or era (ex: ottoman empire era, the 50s, post-Israel, etc.)
__________
Random House Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary, Second Edition
December 2000
Sol Steinmetz, Editorial Director
Charles M. Levine, Publisher
Ethnicity: Ethnic traits, background, allegiance, or association
Sharing common distinctive culture, religion, language, or the like; origin, characteristics, classifications; MINORITY WITHIN A MAJORITY
Ethnography: branch of anthropology dealing with scientific description of individual cultures
Ethnohistory: branch of anthropology dealing with the development of cultures through archeological findings
Hebrew: a member of the Semitic peoples inhabiting ancient Palestine and claiming decent form Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; an Israelite.
Arab: a member of a Semitic people inhabiting Arabia and other countries in the Middle East; speakers of the Arabic language.
Palestinian: A native or inhabitant of Palestine; also called a Palestinian Arab. An arab advocating the establishment of an Arab homeland there.
Thursday, November 18, 2010
Wednesday, November 17, 2010
Thesis Paper: Regional: Palestinians- Modern Usage
The Modern Use of “Palestine:”
In 1920’s, post WWI, the British took control of Palestine, formerly under the Ottoman Empire’s rule, from the Treaty of Versailles. They named it the Mandate of Palestine. However, a few questions of settlement arose when Jews from Europe came to settle back in the land they were thrown out of (by the Romans and later the oppressive Fatimid Dynasty and Crusades). Who were the inhabitants? How did they arise?
As put by PalestinianFacts.org: “The disparate peoples recently assumed and purported to be "settled Arab indigenes, for a thousand years" were in fact a "heterogeneous" community with no "Palestinian" identity, and according to an official British historical analysis in 1920, no Arab identity either:
The people west of the Jordan are not Arabs, but only Arabic-speaking. The bulk of the population are fellahin.... In the Gaza district they are mostly of Egyptian origin; elsewhere they are of the most mixed race. "
This raises many more questions. If they are not Arab, what are they? If there was never a land of Palestine, who are they? PalestinianFacts.org continues to explain whom the “mixed races” were compiled of. These Palestinians spoke fifty or more languages, and in short of words, the ethnology of Palestine is a conglomeration of everyone who has ever conquered or crossed paths of the Middle East. Including, but not limited to: Assyrians, Persians (Motowila), Romans, Egyptians, Armenians, Greece, Italians, Turks (Circassion), Germans, Kurds, Bosnians, Bedouins, Algerians, and Sudanese. So, the people we call the “Palestinians” today are a collaboration of foreigners taking root in the cross roads of the world.
Therefore, the term “Palestinian” that will be used in conjunction of how Encyclopedia Britannica describes it as, “the Arabs of the former Mandate of Palestine, excluding Israel.” But, still, who are they?
The Arab identity in Palestine had been developing for the last 200 years. But the notion of an independent people had only come about with the rise of Israel, the Jewish State. In fact, the Palestinians never had their own state, further questioning their identity as a nation. If they are stateless, can they be a nation? They could be described as a stateless nation, as the Jews have been in the Diaspora. However, that would mean they have an ethnic identity. Which, in theory, is Arab. But why, then, wouldn’t they simply be “Arabs,” or simply belong to another Arab state such as Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, or Syria. Or one of the ___ states in the Middle East?
Such questions hope to be answered by their history in the making: Palestinians today.
In 1920’s, post WWI, the British took control of Palestine, formerly under the Ottoman Empire’s rule, from the Treaty of Versailles. They named it the Mandate of Palestine. However, a few questions of settlement arose when Jews from Europe came to settle back in the land they were thrown out of (by the Romans and later the oppressive Fatimid Dynasty and Crusades). Who were the inhabitants? How did they arise?
As put by PalestinianFacts.org: “The disparate peoples recently assumed and purported to be "settled Arab indigenes, for a thousand years" were in fact a "heterogeneous" community with no "Palestinian" identity, and according to an official British historical analysis in 1920, no Arab identity either:
The people west of the Jordan are not Arabs, but only Arabic-speaking. The bulk of the population are fellahin.... In the Gaza district they are mostly of Egyptian origin; elsewhere they are of the most mixed race. "
This raises many more questions. If they are not Arab, what are they? If there was never a land of Palestine, who are they? PalestinianFacts.org continues to explain whom the “mixed races” were compiled of. These Palestinians spoke fifty or more languages, and in short of words, the ethnology of Palestine is a conglomeration of everyone who has ever conquered or crossed paths of the Middle East. Including, but not limited to: Assyrians, Persians (Motowila), Romans, Egyptians, Armenians, Greece, Italians, Turks (Circassion), Germans, Kurds, Bosnians, Bedouins, Algerians, and Sudanese. So, the people we call the “Palestinians” today are a collaboration of foreigners taking root in the cross roads of the world.
Therefore, the term “Palestinian” that will be used in conjunction of how Encyclopedia Britannica describes it as, “the Arabs of the former Mandate of Palestine, excluding Israel.” But, still, who are they?
The Arab identity in Palestine had been developing for the last 200 years. But the notion of an independent people had only come about with the rise of Israel, the Jewish State. In fact, the Palestinians never had their own state, further questioning their identity as a nation. If they are stateless, can they be a nation? They could be described as a stateless nation, as the Jews have been in the Diaspora. However, that would mean they have an ethnic identity. Which, in theory, is Arab. But why, then, wouldn’t they simply be “Arabs,” or simply belong to another Arab state such as Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, or Syria. Or one of the ___ states in the Middle East?
Such questions hope to be answered by their history in the making: Palestinians today.
Thesis Paper: Regional: Palestinians- Intro & The Name
Who are the Palestinians?
The Palestinians are a fickle people to describe, as elusive as the sand they sit on. They are Arab; some are Muslim, others Christian. But where do they come from? Who are they? What features make a Palestinian a Palestinian? Or, truthfully, is there no common identity at all?
The Name Behind the Name:
The word “Palestine” originates from the original Philistia, concentrated around the coast of the Mediterranean Sea (modern-day Gaza). Around 1200BC, these Philistines invaded Canaan, by the coast, and created a dynamic kingdom, Philistia, in which the Hebrews were subjected under. Around 1000BC Saul created a Hebrew Kingdom, and conquered the much-hated Philistia. The Hebrews slaughtered them, leaving no survivors. So, if the legacy of the name is not in modern Palestinian blood, obviously there was a reason for taking on such a name.
The biblical Israel eventually broke into two: Israel and Judea. Then, they fell to the Assyrians (720BC) and the Babylonians (586BC). Only fifty years later, the Persian Empire takes control. In 333BC, Alexander the Great of Macedon took control, keeping with the Persian’s idea of self-autonomy within the empire. However, after Alexander the Great’s death, King Antiochus IV (Antiochus Epiphanes) ruled the land of Canaan and caused a huge riot among the Jews, for forcing Hellenistic culture on them. The leaders of the revolt, the Macabees, took control, ruling a new Jewish state (142 BC) until Pompey seizes it for Rome in 63BC.
Jewish revolts took place in 66AD (The Great Rebellion) and 132-35AD (Bar Kochva Revolt), under the Romans. In retaliation for the Great Rebellion, the Romans destroyed the Beis Hamikdash, the last Jewish Temple in 70 AD. And in retaliation of the Bar Kochva Revolt, the emperor, Emperor Hadrian, wanted to destroy the Hebrew’s national identity. He changed the name “Provincia Judea” to “Provincia Syria Palaestina,” not coincidental to the name Philistia. Provincia Syia Palaestina shortened and anglicized to the modern term “Palestine” over time.
The Palestinians are a fickle people to describe, as elusive as the sand they sit on. They are Arab; some are Muslim, others Christian. But where do they come from? Who are they? What features make a Palestinian a Palestinian? Or, truthfully, is there no common identity at all?
The Name Behind the Name:
The word “Palestine” originates from the original Philistia, concentrated around the coast of the Mediterranean Sea (modern-day Gaza). Around 1200BC, these Philistines invaded Canaan, by the coast, and created a dynamic kingdom, Philistia, in which the Hebrews were subjected under. Around 1000BC Saul created a Hebrew Kingdom, and conquered the much-hated Philistia. The Hebrews slaughtered them, leaving no survivors. So, if the legacy of the name is not in modern Palestinian blood, obviously there was a reason for taking on such a name.
The biblical Israel eventually broke into two: Israel and Judea. Then, they fell to the Assyrians (720BC) and the Babylonians (586BC). Only fifty years later, the Persian Empire takes control. In 333BC, Alexander the Great of Macedon took control, keeping with the Persian’s idea of self-autonomy within the empire. However, after Alexander the Great’s death, King Antiochus IV (Antiochus Epiphanes) ruled the land of Canaan and caused a huge riot among the Jews, for forcing Hellenistic culture on them. The leaders of the revolt, the Macabees, took control, ruling a new Jewish state (142 BC) until Pompey seizes it for Rome in 63BC.
Jewish revolts took place in 66AD (The Great Rebellion) and 132-35AD (Bar Kochva Revolt), under the Romans. In retaliation for the Great Rebellion, the Romans destroyed the Beis Hamikdash, the last Jewish Temple in 70 AD. And in retaliation of the Bar Kochva Revolt, the emperor, Emperor Hadrian, wanted to destroy the Hebrew’s national identity. He changed the name “Provincia Judea” to “Provincia Syria Palaestina,” not coincidental to the name Philistia. Provincia Syia Palaestina shortened and anglicized to the modern term “Palestine” over time.
Tuesday, November 16, 2010
Why Not?
I just finished my most recent painting.. and figured you might like to see it... specially 'cuz it's all to do with this topic... as most of them are... Anywho here it is:
Reflection of War:
As you mighttttt catch on, the colours of the flags are reverse (not where they are supposed to be). I did that on purpose. It's because even if you are fighting for your people, your flag (what you stand for) will start to change. Oh, and the Palestinian is looking at a reflection of Israeli... it's because, like brothers, they are linked.
Reflection of War:
As you mighttttt catch on, the colours of the flags are reverse (not where they are supposed to be). I did that on purpose. It's because even if you are fighting for your people, your flag (what you stand for) will start to change. Oh, and the Palestinian is looking at a reflection of Israeli... it's because, like brothers, they are linked.
My Own Beautiful Dictionary
Glossary
Due to connotations, and the like, we need to utilize words, which do not stir such strong emotions. Hence forth, I have figured a few words in which to say instead of the typical stuff.
Who?
Religion: Muslim ←→ Jew
Nationality: Palestinian ←→ Israeli
Ethnicity: Arab ←→ Hebrew
What?
Terrorism— never going to be used alone! (Political, religious, economic, etc.)
A People— a group of human beings who have any sort of tying feature.
Ethnicity—
Nation— A group of people with a shared ethnic identity
Stateless Nation-
A Nation-State— A nation that has a country to call its own.
Country— Territory of a Nation, a State
Where?
Palestine- refers to the rhetoric of Britain at the time of Mandates
Canaan- the region encompassing modern-day Israel, Lebanon, and adjoining coastal lands, including parts of Jordan, Syria and northeastern Egypt; Derived from the ancient use of the word.
Israel- Modern State (including its territories)
The Territories- West Bank, Gaza, Golan (Israel's post-Six Day War, 1967, borders minus Sinai).
When?
Define era's by decade and/or era (ex: ottoman empire era, the 50s, post-Israel, etc.)
Due to connotations, and the like, we need to utilize words, which do not stir such strong emotions. Hence forth, I have figured a few words in which to say instead of the typical stuff.
Who?
Religion: Muslim ←→ Jew
Nationality: Palestinian ←→ Israeli
Ethnicity: Arab ←→ Hebrew
What?
Terrorism— never going to be used alone! (Political, religious, economic, etc.)
A People— a group of human beings who have any sort of tying feature.
Ethnicity—
Nation— A group of people with a shared ethnic identity
Stateless Nation-
A Nation-State— A nation that has a country to call its own.
Country— Territory of a Nation, a State
Where?
Palestine- refers to the rhetoric of Britain at the time of Mandates
Canaan- the region encompassing modern-day Israel, Lebanon, and adjoining coastal lands, including parts of Jordan, Syria and northeastern Egypt; Derived from the ancient use of the word.
Israel- Modern State (including its territories)
The Territories- West Bank, Gaza, Golan (Israel's post-Six Day War, 1967, borders minus Sinai).
When?
Define era's by decade and/or era (ex: ottoman empire era, the 50s, post-Israel, etc.)
THESIS TOPICS:
Marking Period II: Regional
Preliminary:
~How will we define our areas of interest? (maps)
~Boundaries?
~Which word choice should we use?
Who are the Palestinians? Nation/People
- Where did they come from/originate?
- Are they a Nation/People
- How are they defined today?
- Do the Palestinians retain their identity in the diaspora?
What are the regional conflicts in Canaan? ***
-Resources: Land, Water, Oil
-How does religion play a role?
What kind of governments rule the area?
-Democracy, Theocracy, etc.
-Which states? (Israel, Territories, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt)
What are the ethnic & cultural boundaries?
-Christian/Muslim Palestinians; Different types of Jews & Muslims
-Does fragmentation play out in greater conflict?
Marking Period III: World
How do we define terrorism?
-Who are terrorists?
-What kind of terrorism (political, religious, etc) spilled out of the Middle East?
The West's influence
-Significance of America post-9/11
-Who was the War on Terror targeting?
-Europe throughout Cold war, etc.
The United Nations
-What is it's role?
-Is it helping or hurting?
-Who is it predominately helping?
- Is it a pure form of Diplomacy?
Marking Period IV: MY Solution
Solution, prospects, resolution
-Two state Solution?
.... Would it work?
.... How would it work?
.... Where would it be?
.... Borders? Countries involved?
-Distribution of resources
- Parties involved?
-To use the U.N. or not to use the U.N.?
Preliminary:
~How will we define our areas of interest? (maps)
~Boundaries?
~Which word choice should we use?
Who are the Palestinians? Nation/People
- Where did they come from/originate?
- Are they a Nation/People
- How are they defined today?
- Do the Palestinians retain their identity in the diaspora?
What are the regional conflicts in Canaan? ***
-Resources: Land, Water, Oil
-How does religion play a role?
What kind of governments rule the area?
-Democracy, Theocracy, etc.
-Which states? (Israel, Territories, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt)
What are the ethnic & cultural boundaries?
-Christian/Muslim Palestinians; Different types of Jews & Muslims
-Does fragmentation play out in greater conflict?
Marking Period III: World
How do we define terrorism?
-Who are terrorists?
-What kind of terrorism (political, religious, etc) spilled out of the Middle East?
The West's influence
-Significance of America post-9/11
-Who was the War on Terror targeting?
-Europe throughout Cold war, etc.
The United Nations
-What is it's role?
-Is it helping or hurting?
-Who is it predominately helping?
- Is it a pure form of Diplomacy?
Marking Period IV: MY Solution
Solution, prospects, resolution
-Two state Solution?
.... Would it work?
.... How would it work?
.... Where would it be?
.... Borders? Countries involved?
-Distribution of resources
- Parties involved?
-To use the U.N. or not to use the U.N.?
CE: Collaborate
Hey, I'm sitting in the library so I have internet =)
Anywho, I wrote on a few current events. Off the top of my head, my current events talk about:
1) Yigdal Amir's sentencing in solitary confinement (the man who assassinated Yitzhak Rabin)
2) A Palestinian blogger who is being attacked for making satire of the Koran
3) Netanyahu's 90 day peace agreement.
I think I have a few more... but these were the really interesting ones. I'll show you my hardcopies of my responses on day two.
Anywho, I wrote on a few current events. Off the top of my head, my current events talk about:
1) Yigdal Amir's sentencing in solitary confinement (the man who assassinated Yitzhak Rabin)
2) A Palestinian blogger who is being attacked for making satire of the Koran
3) Netanyahu's 90 day peace agreement.
I think I have a few more... but these were the really interesting ones. I'll show you my hardcopies of my responses on day two.
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